1. 上半身应保持颈部直立,使头部获得支撑,两肩自然下垂,上臂贴近身体,手肘弯曲呈90度,操作键盘或滑鼠,尽量使手腕保持水平姿势,手掌中线与前臂中线 应保持一直线。下半身腰部挺直,膝盖自然弯曲呈90度,并维持双脚着地的坐姿。
2. 必须选择符合人体工学设计的桌椅,使用专用的电脑椅,坐在上面遵循“三个直角”:电脑桌下膝盖处形成第一个直角,大腿和后背是第二个直角,手臂在肘关节 形成第三个直角。肩胛骨靠在椅背上,双肩放下,下巴不要靠近脖子。两眼平视电脑 荧幕中央,座椅最好有支持 性椅背及扶手,并能调整高度。
小编提示:
1. 眼睛与显示器保持恰当的距离。眼睛与电脑显示器形成轻度向下注视荧光屏的角度,这样可使颈部肌肉得到放松。
2. 使用电脑每隔一小时应休息5至10分钟,做柔软操或局部按摩,同时养成规律运动习惯,针对肩颈、上肢进行拉筋及肌力训练,以增加柔软度及肌力。
3. 电脑的摆放高度要合适。将电脑屏幕中心位置安装在与操作者胸部同一水平线上,最好使用可以调节高低的椅子。应有足够的空间伸放双脚,膝盖自然弯曲呈90 度,并维持双脚着地,不要交叉双脚,以免影响血液循环。
常用电脑者应多做的运动:
放风筝:放风筝时,挺胸抬头,左顾右盼,可以保持颈椎、脊柱的肌张力,保持韧带的弹性和脊椎关节的灵活性,有利于增强骨质代谢,增强颈椎、脊柱的代偿 功能,既不损伤椎体,又可预防椎骨和韧带的退化,实在是老祖宗留给我们防治颈椎 病的一个好方法。
游泳:因为游泳的时候头总是向上抬,颈部肌肉和腰肌都得到锻炼,而且人在水中没有任何负担,也不会对椎间盘造成任何的损伤,算得上是比较惬意的锻炼颈 椎的方式。
适合电脑族的舒缓体操:
A: 基本姿势:每次做各项训练动作前,先自然站立,双目平视,双脚略分开,与肩同宽,双手自然下垂。全身放松。
B: 前俯后仰:双手叉腰,先抬头后仰,同时吸气,双眼望天,停留片刻;然后缓慢向前胸部位低头,同时呼气,双眼看地。做此动作时,要闭口,使下颌尽量紧贴 前胸,停留片刻后,再上下反复做4次。动作要旨是:舒展、轻松、缓慢,以不感到 难受为宜。
C: 左右旋转:双手叉腰,先将头部缓慢转向左侧,同时吸气于胸,让右侧颈部伸直后,停留片刻,再缓慢转向右侧,同时呼气,让左边颈部伸直后,停留片刻。这 样反复交替做4次。
D: 提肩缩颈:做操前,先自然站立,双目平视,双脚略分开,与肩平行,双手自然下垂。动作时双肩慢慢提起,颈部尽量往下缩,停留片刻后,双肩慢慢放松地放 下,头颈自然伸出,还原自然,然后再将双肩用力往下沉,头颈部向上拔伸,停留片 刻后,双肩放松,并自然呼气 。注意在缩伸颈的同时要慢慢吸气,停留时要憋气, 松肩时要尽量使肩、颈部放松。回到自然式后,再反复做4次。
E: 左右摆动:做操前,先自然站立,双目平视,双脚略分开,与肩平行,双手叉腰。动作时头部缓缓向左侧倾斜,使左耳贴于左肩,停留片刻后,头部返回中位; 然后再向右肩倾斜,同样右耳要贴近右肩,停留片刻后,再回到中位。这样左右摆动 反复做4次。在头部摆动时需 吸气,回到中位时慢慢呼气,做操时双肩、颈部要尽量 放松,动作以慢而稳为佳。
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